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"Year of higher education?

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"Year of higher education?

Jose Joaquin Brunner via jjbrunner of the

05/08/1911

Column published in the Education page of El Mercurio, Sunday May 8, 2011 .

"Year of higher education?

More than twelve months of the current government, there is still a map for this area. It progresses to the compass of inertia.

José Joaquín Brunner

time ago, the President and his Minister of Education named the 2011 as the year of higher education. Impressive, no doubt. Surprising, too, if you think that more than twelve months of the current government, there is still no map for this area. It progresses to the compass of inertia. It is not difficult, however, to establish what problems they face and which direction is forward.

First of all, it requires a new institutional organization command of the sector. I proposed three years ago within the National Innovation Council, in a dissent signed jointly with Bernardita Méndez and Bruno Philippi, which "should be preferred formation of a Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education, serving as head of the state public in this area "(National Innovation Strategy - Volume II, 2008, p. 175).

Now this suggestion is beginning to be appreciated, as shown by the positive expressions of two prominent university authorities, the rectors of the Usach and the PUC.

But this alone is not sufficient organizational and administrative reform. It is also essential to modify the basic legal framework for higher education, which remains the LOCE of 1989, now incorporated in the General Law of Education. The bottom line here is to give all-state universities, private and state-financed by the private non-direct fiscal support an institutional status clear, well defined and smooth. This will ensure academic autonomy, governance and management of the universities the freedom to teach, learn and ask what institutions need, and call them all about their duties of accreditation, accountability and public information.

State universities and private non-profit would the opportunity to establish itself as public corporations under the conditions prescribed by law. Those should be for-profit incorporation and abide by the rules available to the legislature. These stocks should report through a type of Uniform Codified Statistical Form (FECU) on its financial statements to the newly created Superintendency of Education.

institutions constituted as public corporations and compete on a more level ground, without being subject to discriminatory controls or asymmetric barriers. For its part, the institutions that now pretend not for profit would be entitled to distribute surplus among their owners, must do so with transparency and without receiving any special treatment from the State.

Then, you have to redesign the public financing of higher education. If the government hopes this is the year of the sector, should be based around: a commitment to double public spending relative to GDP, is now a fraction of the lowest in the world. In turn, these additional resources should be allocated to two main objectives: firstly, to scholarships and student loans, for which it should merge the two existing credit schemes in order to achieve a more equitable and sustainable, on the other to strengthen strategic areas of the accredited universities that have chosen to become public corporations, making use of performance agreements that align the goals of the institutions for social welfare and national development, regional or local.

In parallel, the Government must meet its commitment to increase spending on science and technology, thereby encouraging legitimate to major research universities in the country, led by the UCH and the PUC. And, secondly, those institutions whose projects were selected by two new funds: one for a regional applied research and development fund research capacity in priority areas or lines that would compete with the institutions in the process of building these capabilities.

Finally, if the Government is serious about devoting 2011 to reform and modernize higher education, should begin to receive proposals and submit them for discussion. To this end submit motions for discussion outlined here.

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Anyone want to discuss Quality of Employment in Chile? The House

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Anyone want to discuss Quality of Employment in Chile?

via The Counter Kremerman and Alexander Marco Paez

07/05/1911 On Sunday, May 1, the program Zero Tolerance, the journalist Fernando Paulsen read to the Minister of Labour, Evelyn Matthei, the minute details of employment SOL Foundation publishes a monthly basis, after processing the database of the New Employment Survey of INE. It was information that anyone can compute and that are public, but the minister before hearing the full reading Paulsen interrupted and even joked with the information.

fundamental data is sought and show serious problems in the quality of jobs that Chile is giving to its people and threaten completely the possibility of someday becoming a country where there is a good quality of life for everyone ( that some define as a developed country). Therefore, unless the government authorities deign to debate and opposition politicians and their advisers to stop focusing on general criticisms to overthrow the slogan of a million jobs, with no data in hand (and without acknowledging that this problem will drag quite some time), this will not happen and will continue to be a kingdom of inequalities and insecurities with a pretty facade.

SOL Foundation again has released its minutes of use data for the quarter January to March 2011 and the main findings tell us that:

- Although there is a change in busy 487 000 between January-March quarter 2010 and January-March 2011, we provide evidence that 45% of this figure are works "self" (mainly part-time and focused on low-skilled workers), "domestic staff", "unpaid family " or employers of micro enterprises with less than 5 people , ie they are not necessarily linked to political or government employment plans that are not covered by traditional protection systems work.

- When analyzing the wage labor, the data demonstrate that, in aggregate, increased by 262 000 people. This represents an improvement previous measurements, but only amounts to 53.8% of total of 487 000 additional jobs during the reference period. However, 74% of the variation of employed wage corresponds to the type of subcontracting, temporary services and provision of personnel and recruiters, which is a sign of greater insecurity and instability in the world of work.

Unless government authorities deign to debate and opposition politicians and their advisers to stop focusing on general criticisms to overthrow the slogan of a million jobs, with no data in hand (and without recognizing that this issue had dragged on for quite some time), this will not happen and will continue to be a kingdom of inequalities and insecurities with a pretty facade.

- The particular characteristics of the Chilean development model and its structural problems, forcing us to review other indicators, when the GDP grows, mainly benefit the most privileged groups in society and have higher levels of power. In Chile, the more economic growth or a lower official unemployment rate does not ensure better living conditions for all inhabitants. Quality aspects become fundamental, as can be seen in the discussion that are pushing Nobel laureates Joseph Stiglitz and Amartya Sen.

- Following that logic and data from the New Employment Survey (NENE), the Foundation has created SOL the "Protected Employment Index (IEP), the" Job Placement Indicator (IIL) and "Unemployment Rate Integral (TDI).

- The trend of recent months suggests that there is increased wage employment and a decrease in self-employment, which has been cause for celebration by the government . However, to further analyze the characteristics specific jobs (employment) for the quarter January to March 2011, reveals an extremely bleak and threatening the deepening of democracy and the possibility of achieving in the medium term development: Almost 6 million people have serious difficulties in entering the labor market, according to "graduate employment indicator."

- In relation to " Protected Employment Index" shows that nationally, only 39.2% of the total employed and 52.8% of employees have a job protected, ie, written contract, indefinite payment of salary and pension contributions, health and unemployment insurance. This represents a decrease in employment protection compared to last quarter.

- Extrapolating data CASEN 2009, we can conclude that 77.3% of salaried jobs are not protected and / or a monthly income exceeding $ 300,000 (less than two minimum wages) creating an army of workers probres.

- In addition, employment in the unprotected SOL Foundation define the category of worker "Subordinate Independent" , as employees who have no settlement salary, ie, must meet all standards and control systems of a dependent work, but do not have the system of protection of labor rights that characterizes a conventional employee. In the quarter January to March 2011, this category reached 22% paid employment (private, public and domestic service), equivalent to 1,202,955 people.

- In summary, we conclude that Chile currently registered wage work is not ensuring better conditions regarding security, stability and income.

- In calculating the "Integrated Unemployment Rate " there are more than a million unemployed people in Chile. By including hidden unemployment and underemployment or unemployment, the unemployed increased by 73% and the unemployment rate stood at 12.0%, far above the 7.3% registered by the Government. In addition, the time is women who have joined more precariously to the workforce and recovery in regions affected by the earthquake and tsunami (Maule, Bio-Bio and Araucanía), is based primarily in greater underemployment.

2011 is essential to start a debate about the quality of employment in Chile. The authorities but welcomed the creation of "alleged" new jobs every month, had to relate and analyze the characteristics of those jobs. Unemployment is not defeated by casual and unprotected work. Is not the same work two or three hours a week to have a work contract in full, with pension contributions to date and able to negotiate collectively working conditions.

therefore ask the following question: Does anyone want to discuss Quality of Employment in Chile?

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